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Cell Biology & Tissues — Homi Bhabha Class 9 Biology MCQs with Solutions
Free Homi Bhabha Class 9 Biology Cell Biology & Tissues MCQs with step-by-step solutions covering Cell Organelles, Prokaryotic vs Eukaryotic Cells, Plant vs Animal Cells, Cell Division (Mitosis/Meiosis), Plant & Animal Tissues. Practise online on Prepizo — no login needed.
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Sample questions with solutions
Q1 — Cell Organelles · easy · theory
Which organelle is known as the "powerhouse of the cell"?
A. Mitochondria ✓ Correct
B. Lysosome
C. Ribosome
D. Golgi apparatus
Solution: Mitochondria carry out cellular respiration and release energy in the form of ATP, which is why they are called the powerhouse of the cell.
Q2 — Prokaryotic vs Eukaryotic Cells · easy · theory
Which of the following is present in a eukaryotic cell but ABSENT in a prokaryotic cell?
A. Ribosomes
B. A true membrane-bound nucleus ✓ Correct
C. A cell membrane
D. Cytoplasm
Solution: Prokaryotes have no membrane-bound nucleus; their DNA lies free in the cytoplasm. A true nucleus is a defining feature of eukaryotic cells, while cell membrane, ribosomes and cytoplasm are found in both.
Q3 — Prokaryotic vs Eukaryotic Cells · easy · theory
Which of the following organisms is made of PROKARYOTIC cells?
A. Amoeba
B. Onion
C. Bacterium ✓ Correct
D. Human
Solution: Bacteria are prokaryotes, lacking a membrane-bound nucleus. Onion, amoeba and humans are all made of eukaryotic cells.
Q4 — Plant vs Animal Cells · easy · theory
Which structure is present in a plant cell but NOT in an animal cell?
A. Cell wall ✓ Correct
B. Cell membrane
C. Mitochondria
D. Nucleus
Solution: Plant cells have a rigid cellulose cell wall outside the membrane; animal cells have only a cell membrane. The nucleus, membrane and mitochondria are found in both.
Q5 — Cell Division (Mitosis/Meiosis) · easy · theory
One round of mitosis produces how many daughter cells from a single parent cell?
A. 2 ✓ Correct
B. 8
C. 1
D. 4
Solution: Mitosis divides one parent cell into 2 daughter cells that are genetically identical to it.
Q6 — Plant & Animal Tissues · easy · theory
Which plant tissue is mainly responsible for transporting water from the roots to the leaves?
A. Cambium
B. Epidermis
C. Xylem ✓ Correct
D. Phloem
Solution: Xylem conducts water and dissolved minerals upward from the roots to the rest of the plant; phloem transports food.
Q7 — Cell Organelles · hard · theory
The site of protein synthesis in a cell is the:
A. vacuole
B. chloroplast
C. lysosome
D. ribosome ✓ Correct
Solution: Ribosomes assemble amino acids into proteins.
Q8 — Cell Organelles · hard · theory
The green organelle in plant cells where photosynthesis occurs is the:
A. ribosome
B. nucleus
C. chloroplast ✓ Correct
D. mitochondrion
Solution: Chloroplasts contain chlorophyll and carry out photosynthesis.
Q9 — Prokaryotic vs Eukaryotic Cells · hard · theory
A key feature of eukaryotic cells that prokaryotic cells lack is:
A. genetic material
B. membrane-bound organelles and a true nucleus ✓ Correct
C. cytoplasm
D. a cell membrane
Solution: Eukaryotes have a true nucleus and membrane-bound organelles; prokaryotes do not.
Q10 — Prokaryotic vs Eukaryotic Cells · hard · theory
In a prokaryotic cell, the genetic material (DNA) is:
A. found only in mitochondria
B. not enclosed by a nuclear membrane ✓ Correct
C. enclosed in a true nucleus
D. absent
Solution: Prokaryotic DNA lies free in the cytoplasm in a region called the nucleoid, with no nuclear membrane.
Q11 — Plant vs Animal Cells · hard · theory
Chloroplasts are found in:
A. animal cells only
B. neither
C. plant cells only ✓ Correct
D. both plant and animal cells
Solution: Only plant (and some protist) cells contain chloroplasts for photosynthesis.
Q12 — Plant vs Animal Cells · hard · theory
Which cell would you expect to have a fixed, rectangular shape?
A. An amoeba
B. An animal cell
C. A white blood cell
D. A plant cell (because of its cell wall) ✓ Correct
Solution: The rigid cell wall gives plant cells a fixed, often rectangular shape.
Q13 — Cell Division (Mitosis/Meiosis) · hard · theory
The type of cell division that produces four cells with half the chromosome number, used to form gametes, is:
A. regeneration
B. meiosis ✓ Correct
C. mitosis
D. binary fission
Solution: Meiosis is a reduction division producing four cells with half the chromosomes (gametes).
Q14 — Cell Division (Mitosis/Meiosis) · hard · theory
Meiosis is called a reduction division because it:
A. keeps the number the same
B. removes the nucleus
C. halves the chromosome number ✓ Correct
D. doubles the chromosome number
Solution: Meiosis reduces the chromosome number to half, which is restored at fertilisation.
Q15 — Cell Division (Mitosis/Meiosis) · hard · theory
Meiosis takes place in the ______ organs to produce gametes:
A. excretory
B. digestive
C. reproductive ✓ Correct
D. respiratory
Solution: Meiosis occurs in reproductive organs to form sex cells (gametes).
Q16 — Plant & Animal Tissues · hard · theory
The plant tissue responsible for growth in length, found at the tips of roots and shoots, is:
A. nervous tissue
B. meristematic tissue ✓ Correct
C. muscular tissue
D. permanent tissue
Solution: Meristematic tissue consists of actively dividing cells that make the plant grow.
Q17 — Plant & Animal Tissues · hard · theory
Blood is classified as which type of animal tissue?
A. nervous tissue
B. muscular tissue
C. epithelial tissue
D. connective tissue ✓ Correct
Solution: Blood is a fluid connective tissue that transports substances around the body.
Q18 — Plant & Animal Tissues · hard · theory
The tissue that receives and conducts electrical impulses in animals is:
A. connective tissue
B. xylem
C. nervous tissue ✓ Correct
D. epithelial tissue
Solution: Nervous tissue (neurons) carries impulses to coordinate body activities.
Q19 — Cell Organelles · hard · theory
In a plant cell, which organelle has its OWN DNA and ribosomes AND is the site where light energy is trapped?
A. Central vacuole
B. Nucleolus
C. Chloroplast ✓ Correct
D. Golgi apparatus
Solution: Chloroplasts contain their own circular DNA and ribosomes (evidence for their endosymbiotic origin) and they hold chlorophyll, which traps light energy for photosynthesis.
Q20 — Prokaryotic vs Eukaryotic Cells · hard · theory
Which set lists ONLY features that are found in BOTH prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?
A. Cell membrane, mitochondria, Golgi body
B. Chloroplast, nucleus, cytoplasm
C. Cell membrane, cytoplasm, ribosomes, DNA ✓ Correct
D. Nuclear membrane, mitochondria, ribosomes
Solution: Every cell, prokaryotic or eukaryotic, has a cell membrane, cytoplasm, ribosomes and DNA. Membrane-bound structures such as a nuclear membrane, mitochondria, Golgi body and chloroplasts occur only in eukaryotes.
Q21 — Plant vs Animal Cells · hard · theory
When placed in pure water, an animal cell may swell and burst, but a plant cell in the same water swells only slightly and does not burst. The best explanation is that the plant cell:
A. Actively pumps the water back out through its vacuole
B. Has no cell membrane
C. Has a rigid cell wall that resists further expansion once the cell is turgid ✓ Correct
D. Does not let any water enter it
Solution: Water enters both cells by osmosis, but the rigid cell wall of the plant cell pushes back once the cell is turgid, preventing bursting. The animal cell has no wall, so it keeps swelling and eventually lyses.
Q22 — Cell Division (Mitosis/Meiosis) · hard · numerical
A cell with 46 chromosomes undergoes meiosis. How many chromosomes will be present in each resulting cell, and how many cells are formed?
A. 46 chromosomes in each of 2 cells
B. 23 chromosomes in each of 4 cells ✓ Correct
C. 46 chromosomes in each of 4 cells
D. 23 chromosomes in each of 2 cells
Solution: Meiosis halves the chromosome number and involves two successive divisions, so it produces 4 cells, each with 23 chromosomes (the haploid number).
Q23 — Cell Division (Mitosis/Meiosis) · hard · theory
Assertion: Meiosis is essential for sexual reproduction. Reason: By halving the chromosome number in gametes, meiosis lets fertilisation restore the original number in the offspring. Choose the correct option.
A. Both the assertion and the reason are true, and the reason correctly explains the assertion ✓ Correct
B. Both the assertion and the reason are false
C. The assertion is true but the reason is false
D. Both are true, but the reason does not explain the assertion
Solution: If gametes were not halved, the chromosome number would double every generation. Meiosis halves it and fertilisation then combines two gametes to restore the original number, so the reason explains the assertion.
Q24 — Plant & Animal Tissues · hard · theory
Match each job to a tissue: (i) the tissue that lets us move a bone, (ii) the tissue lining the inside of the mouth. The correct pairing is:
A. (i) nervous tissue, (ii) connective tissue
B. (i) connective tissue, (ii) nervous tissue
C. (i) epithelial tissue, (ii) muscular tissue
D. (i) muscular tissue, (ii) epithelial tissue ✓ Correct
Solution: Skeletal muscular tissue contracts to move bones, while epithelial tissue lines and protects surfaces such as the inner lining of the mouth.
Q25 — Plant & Animal Tissues · hard · theory
A permanent plant tissue whose cells are dead and thick-walled with lignin and which provides mechanical strength (as in the fibrous husk of a coconut) is:
A. Meristem
B. Sclerenchyma ✓ Correct
C. Parenchyma
D. Collenchyma
Solution: Sclerenchyma consists of dead cells with thick, lignified walls that give hardness and support, such as the coconut husk. Parenchyma and collenchyma are living tissues, and meristem is dividing tissue.
Q26 — Cell Organelles · medium · theory
The basic structural and functional unit of life is the:
A. molecule
B. tissue
C. cell ✓ Correct
D. organ
Solution: The cell is the smallest unit that can carry out all life processes.
Q27 — Cell Organelles · medium · theory
The organelle known as the "powerhouse of the cell" is the:
A. nucleus
B. vacuole
C. ribosome
D. mitochondrion ✓ Correct
Solution: Mitochondria release energy (ATP) through respiration, so they are called the powerhouse of the cell.
Q28 — Cell Organelles · medium · theory
The organelle that controls all the activities of the cell is the:
A. nucleus ✓ Correct
B. mitochondrion
C. cytoplasm
D. cell membrane
Solution: The nucleus directs cell activities and contains the genetic material.
Q29 — Cell Organelles · medium · theory
The scientist who first observed and named cells (in cork) was:
A. Charles Darwin
B. Louis Pasteur
C. Robert Hooke ✓ Correct
D. Gregor Mendel
Solution: Robert Hooke observed cork cells under a microscope in 1665 and coined the term "cell".
Q30 — Prokaryotic vs Eukaryotic Cells · medium · theory
A cell that lacks a well-defined, membrane-bound nucleus is called:
A. somatic
B. multicellular
C. prokaryotic ✓ Correct
D. eukaryotic
Solution: Prokaryotic cells have no true nucleus; their genetic material lies free in the cytoplasm.