Question 1

Arthropoda is the ______ phylum in the animal kingdom (largest number of species):

Accepted Answer

Largest. Two-thirds of all named animal species are arthropods — the largest phylum.

Question 2

Locomotory organs in the earthworm (Annelida) are the:

Accepted Answer

Setae (and, in Nereis, parapodia). Annelids move using setae; the aquatic Nereis has lateral parapodia.

Question 3

The excretory organ of annelids is the ______, whereas in insects (arthropods) it is the ______:

Accepted Answer

Nephridia; Malpighian tubules. Annelids excrete via nephridia; insects use Malpighian tubules (crustaceans use green/antennal glands).

Question 4

A defining feature of Arthropoda is the presence of:

Accepted Answer

Jointed appendages and a chitinous exoskeleton. The name means "jointed feet"; arthropods have a chitinous exoskeleton and jointed appendages, with an open circulatory system.

Question 5

The circulatory system of arthropods is ______, whereas that of annelids is ______:

Accepted Answer

Open; closed. Arthropods have an open circulatory system (haemocoel); annelids have a closed circulatory system.

Question 6

Which set of animals are all arthropods of medical/economic importance?

Accepted Answer

Anopheles (mosquito), Apis (honey bee), Locusta (locust). Mosquito, honey bee and locust are arthropods; the second set are annelids and the others are molluscs/echinoderms.

Question 7

Respiration in an aquatic arthropod such as the prawn occurs through ______, whereas in an insect it occurs through ______:

Accepted Answer

Gills; a system of tracheae. Aquatic crustaceans like prawns respire by gills, while terrestrial insects use a branching network of air-filled tracheae opening by spiracles.

Question 8

Annelids are important in animal evolution because they are the first animals to possess a:

Accepted Answer

True coelom (they are truly coelomate). Annelida is the first phylum to show a true (schizo)coelom lined by mesoderm, along with metameric segmentation.

Question 9

Assertion (A): Arthropoda is the largest phylum of the animal kingdom. Reason (R): A chitinous exoskeleton and jointed appendages have allowed arthropods to adapt to almost every habitat. Choose the correct option.

Accepted Answer

Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A. The protective chitinous exoskeleton and versatile jointed appendages underlie the enormous adaptive success of arthropods, making them the largest phylum; R correctly explains A.

Question 10

Match the arthropod with its respiratory organ — (i) Prawn, (ii) Scorpion, (iii) Cockroach:

Accepted Answer

i-gills, ii-book lungs, iii-tracheae. The aquatic prawn breathes by gills, the scorpion by book lungs, and the cockroach by tracheae, illustrating the varied respiratory organs within Arthropoda.

Question 11

Which one of the following statements about Annelida is INCORRECT?

Accepted Answer

They possess an open type of circulatory system. Annelids have a closed circulatory system in which blood remains within vessels; the open circulatory system is characteristic of arthropods, so that statement is incorrect.

Question 12

Match the arthropod with its identity — (i) Apis, (ii) Anopheles, (iii) Limulus, (iv) Locusta:

Accepted Answer

i-honey bee, ii-malaria mosquito, iii-king crab, iv-locust. Apis is the honey bee, Anopheles the malarial mosquito, Limulus the king crab (a living fossil) and Locusta the locust.

Question 13

An aquatic, bilaterally symmetrical animal has a body divided into ring-like segments (metameres), a true coelom and a closed circulatory system. It belongs to the phylum:

Accepted Answer

Annelida. Metameric segmentation together with a true coelom and a closed circulatory system are hallmark features of Annelida.

Question 14

The phylum name Annelida is derived from the Latin word annulus, which means:

Accepted Answer

little ring. Latin annulus means little ring; annelids get the name from their body surface being marked into ring-like segments (metameres).

Question 15

The lateral appendages that help the aquatic annelid Nereis swim are called:

Accepted Answer

parapodia. Aquatic annelids like Nereis possess lateral appendages called parapodia, which help in swimming.

Question 16

In annelids such as the earthworm, osmoregulation and excretion are carried out by structures called:

Accepted Answer

nephridia. Nephridia help in osmoregulation and excretion in annelids. Flame cells belong to flatworms, malpighian tubules to arthropods, and the proboscis gland to hemichordates.

Question 17

Pheretima, a common example of phylum Annelida, is commonly known as the:

Accepted Answer

earthworm. Pheretima is the earthworm. Hirudinaria is the leech and Ascaris the roundworm (an aschelminth).

Question 18

The blood-sucking leech used as a standard example of Annelida is:

Accepted Answer

Hirudinaria. Hirudinaria is the blood-sucking leech. Nereis is an aquatic annelid and Pheretima the earthworm; Ascaris is a roundworm (Aschelminthes).

Question 19

Which phylum is the largest in the animal kingdom, including more than two-thirds of all named animal species?

Accepted Answer

Arthropoda. Arthropoda is the largest phylum of Animalia; over two-thirds of all named species on earth are arthropods.

Question 20

The hard exoskeleton covering the body of insects, spiders and crustaceans is made of:

Accepted Answer

chitin. The body of arthropods is covered by a chitinous exoskeleton. A calcareous (calcium carbonate) shell characterises molluscs, and spongin the sponges.

Annelida & Arthropoda — NEET Biology MCQs with Solutions

Questions with solutions