Mitochondria, Plastids & Ribosomes — NEET Biology MCQs with Solutions
Free NEET Biology Mitochondria, Plastids & Ribosomes MCQs with step-by-step solutions (6 questions). Part of Cell: The Unit of Life. Practise online on Prepizo — no login needed.
▶ Practise Mitochondria, Plastids & Ribosomes online (free)
Questions with solutions
Q1 — Mitochondria, Plastids & Ribosomes · easy · theory
Mitochondria are called the "power houses of the cell" because they:
A. Perform photosynthesis
B. Synthesise proteins for export
C. Produce ATP by aerobic respiration ✓ Correct
D. Store genetic material
Solution: The mitochondrion is the site of aerobic respiration (Krebs cycle + oxidative phosphorylation), producing ATP.
Q2 — Mitochondria, Plastids & Ribosomes · easy · theory
The inner mitochondrial membrane is folded into finger-like ______ to increase surface area:
A. Grana
B. Lamellae
C. Thylakoids
D. Cristae ✓ Correct
Solution: Cristae bear the enzymes/ETC of oxidative phosphorylation; the inner compartment is the matrix.
Q3 — Mitochondria, Plastids & Ribosomes · medium · theory
The green plastids (chloroplasts) contain stacks of thylakoids called ______, embedded in the ______:
A. Nucleoids; cytoplasm
B. Lamellae; cytosol
C. Grana; stroma ✓ Correct
D. Cristae; matrix
Solution: Grana (thylakoid stacks) hold chlorophyll for the light reactions; the stroma carries out the Calvin cycle.
Q4 — Mitochondria, Plastids & Ribosomes · medium · theory
Colourless plastids that store food are ______; among them amyloplasts store ______:
A. Chromoplasts; fat
B. Elaioplasts; starch
C. Chloroplasts; protein
D. Leucoplasts; starch ✓ Correct
Solution: Leucoplasts store nutrients: amyloplasts (starch), elaioplasts (oils), aleuroplasts (proteins).
Q5 — Mitochondria, Plastids & Ribosomes · hard · theory
Mitochondria and chloroplasts are called semi-autonomous organelles because they:
A. Are made only by the Golgi
B. Possess their own circular DNA and 70S ribosomes and divide by fission ✓ Correct
C. Cannot replicate
D. Have no DNA
Solution: Both contain their own DNA and 70S ribosomes and divide independently — supporting the endosymbiotic theory.
Q6 — Mitochondria, Plastids & Ribosomes · hard · theory
The site of protein synthesis within the cell, present in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes, is the:
A. Ribosome (70S or 80S) ✓ Correct
B. Centriole
C. Lysosome
D. Peroxisome
Solution: Ribosomes (rRNA + protein) are the universal protein factories — 70S in prokaryotes/organelles, 80S in the eukaryotic cytosol.