Blood & Plasma — NEET Biology MCQs with Solutions
Free NEET Biology Blood & Plasma MCQs with step-by-step solutions (45 questions). Part of Body Fluids and Circulation. Practise online on Prepizo — no login needed.
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Questions with solutions
Q1 — Blood & Plasma · easy · theory
The straw-coloured, fluid matrix of blood (about 55% of blood volume) is called:
A. Plasma ✓ Correct
B. Haemoglobin
C. Serum
D. Lymph
Solution: Plasma is the liquid part of blood (~55%); serum is plasma without clotting factors.
Q2 — Blood & Plasma · easy · theory
The most abundant plasma protein, responsible for maintaining osmotic balance, is:
A. Fibrinogen
B. Globulin
C. Haemoglobin
D. Albumin ✓ Correct
Solution: Albumins maintain the osmotic (oncotic) pressure; globulins are for defence and fibrinogen for clotting.
Q3 — Blood & Plasma · medium · theory
The plasma proteins fibrinogen, globulins and albumins are chiefly involved in, respectively:
A. Osmotic balance, clotting and defence
B. Clotting, defence and osmotic balance ✓ Correct
C. Defence, clotting and transport
D. Transport, defence and clotting
Solution: Fibrinogen → clotting; globulins → immune defence; albumins → osmotic balance.
Q4 — Blood & Plasma · medium · theory
Blood is considered a ______ tissue because:
A. Nervous; it conducts impulses
B. Muscular; it contracts
C. Connective; it has a fluid matrix (plasma) with cells ✓ Correct
D. Epithelial; it lines cavities
Solution: Blood is a fluid connective tissue — formed elements (cells) suspended in a plasma matrix.
Q5 — Blood & Plasma · hard · theory
Serum differs from plasma in that serum:
A. Has more clotting factors
B. Lacks all proteins
C. Contains blood cells
D. Lacks clotting factors (fibrinogen) ✓ Correct
Solution: Serum = plasma minus the clotting proteins (fibrinogen and others consumed during clotting).
Q6 — Blood & Plasma · hard · theory
Plasma without formed elements contains ~90–92% water and important ions including:
A. Only proteins
B. Only oxygen
C. Na⁺, Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺, HCO₃⁻ and Cl⁻ ✓ Correct
D. Only glucose
Solution: Plasma carries minerals (Na⁺, Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺, bicarbonate, chloride), glucose, amino acids, lipids and proteins.
Q7 — Blood & Plasma · easy · numerical
Plasma proteins account for nearly 7% of plasma by weight. If all clotting factors including fibrinogen were removed while the cells stayed intact, the remaining fluid would be best described as:
A. Lymph
B. Blood minus fibrinogen but still containing formed elements — not a standard named fluid ✓ Correct
C. Serum
D. Tissue fluid
Solution: Serum is the fluid left after clotting, i.e. plasma without fibrinogen and clotting factors — but serum also lacks the formed elements. Since the cells are still present here, it is simply defibrinated blood, not serum.
Q8 — Blood & Plasma · easy · numerical
A patient has severe liver damage that lowers albumin synthesis. The most direct physiological consequence of this fall in plasma albumin is:
A. Oedema due to reduced plasma osmotic (oncotic) pressure ✓ Correct
B. Rapid blood clotting throughout the body
C. A rise in blood pH to strongly alkaline levels
D. Increased oxygen-carrying capacity of blood
Solution: Albumin is the chief plasma protein maintaining colloid osmotic pressure; its fall lets fluid leak into tissue spaces, causing oedema. It has no role in raising oxygen carriage or clotting.
Q9 — Blood & Plasma · easy · numerical
Which combination correctly pairs a plasma component with its major role?
A. Fibrinogen → osmotic balance; Albumin → defence; Globulins → clotting
B. Albumin → clotting; Fibrinogen → defence; Globulins → osmotic balance
C. Globulins → clotting; Albumin → defence; Fibrinogen → osmotic balance
D. Globulins → defence (antibodies); Fibrinogen → clotting; Albumin → osmotic balance ✓ Correct
Solution: Globulins are primarily involved in body defence, fibrinogen is needed for clot formation, and albumin maintains the osmotic balance of blood — the standard NCERT pairing.
Q10 — Blood & Plasma · easy · numerical
Roughly 90–92% of plasma is water. Besides proteins, plasma also transports small amounts of which set of substances?
A. Only red blood cells and platelets
B. Only oxygen bound to haemoglobin
C. Bile and pancreatic enzymes exclusively
D. Glucose, amino acids, lipids, and mineral ions such as Na⁺, Ca²⁺, and HCO₃⁻ ✓ Correct
Solution: Plasma carries dissolved nutrients (glucose, amino acids, lipids) and ions (Na⁺, Ca²⁺, HCO₃⁻, etc.). Oxygen is mainly carried by RBC haemoglobin, and cells are formed elements, not dissolved solutes.
Q11 — Blood & Plasma · medium · numerical
Assertion (A): Blood is classified as a connective tissue. Reason (R): Its cells are suspended in a fluid extracellular matrix called plasma that they themselves secrete abundantly. Choose the correct option.
A. A is true but R is false ✓ Correct
B. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
C. Both A and R are false
D. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A
Solution: Blood is a connective tissue because its cells lie in an abundant fluid matrix (plasma), but the plasma is not secreted by the blood cells — it comes largely from the liver and diffusion, so R is false.
Q12 — Blood & Plasma · medium · numerical
Which of the following statements about plasma proteins is INCORRECT?
A. Albumin is the most abundant plasma protein and maintains osmotic balance
B. Globulins include the antibodies (immunoglobulins) of the body
C. Prothrombin and fibrinogen are both involved in blood coagulation
D. Fibrinogen is the most abundant plasma protein by concentration ✓ Correct
Solution: Albumin, not fibrinogen, is the most abundant plasma protein. Fibrinogen is present in relatively small amounts but is essential for clotting.
Q13 — Blood & Plasma · medium · numerical
A blood sample is collected in a tube WITHOUT any anticoagulant and allowed to stand. The clear fluid that separates above the clot differs from plasma in that it:
A. Lacks fibrinogen and other consumed clotting factors ✓ Correct
B. Contains more fibrinogen than plasma
C. Has a higher water percentage than whole blood cells
D. Contains red blood cells but no ions
Solution: Without anticoagulant the blood clots, consuming fibrinogen; the supernatant is serum, which is plasma minus fibrinogen and other used-up clotting factors.
Q14 — Blood & Plasma · medium · numerical
Match the ion/substance with its transport significance in plasma and choose the correct set: (i) HCO₃⁻ (ii) Ca²⁺ (iii) Na⁺ — (p) essential cofactor in the clotting cascade (q) major cation for osmotic and fluid balance (r) key buffer for CO₂ transport and pH.
A. i-r, ii-q, iii-p
B. i-p, ii-q, iii-r
C. i-q, ii-r, iii-p
D. i-r, ii-p, iii-q ✓ Correct
Solution: Bicarbonate (HCO₃⁻) buffers pH and helps carry CO₂, calcium (Ca²⁺) is a required clotting cofactor, and sodium (Na⁺) is the chief cation governing osmotic balance.
Q15 — Blood & Plasma · medium · numerical
If the total blood volume of an adult is about 5 litres and plasma forms roughly 55% of it, the approximate plasma volume is:
A. About 0.55 litres
B. About 2.75 litres ✓ Correct
C. About 5 litres
D. About 4.5 litres
Solution: 55% of 5 litres is 0.55 × 5 = 2.75 litres of plasma; the remaining ~45% is the formed elements.
Q16 — Blood & Plasma · medium · numerical
During a prolonged fast, plasma glucose is maintained near normal while plasma protein levels stay high. This best illustrates that plasma acts as:
A. The main site of gaseous exchange in place of the lungs
B. A tissue that manufactures red blood cells
C. A store of digestive enzymes released into the gut
D. A transport and homeostatic medium buffering the internal environment ✓ Correct
Solution: Plasma transports nutrients and proteins and buffers the internal environment, helping maintain homeostasis. It is not a gas-exchange surface, a haematopoietic tissue, or a digestive-enzyme reservoir.
Q17 — Blood & Plasma · easy
Which of the following use water from their environment as circulating fluid?
A. Coelenterates
B. Sponges
C. Fishes
D. 1 and 2 ✓ Correct
Solution: Simple organisms like sponges and coelenterates circulate water from their surrounding environment through their body cavities to facilitate transport, so both use environmental water as their circulating fluid.
Q18 — Blood & Plasma · easy
Blood, a special type of connective tissue
A. consists of a fluid matrix (Plasma)
B. all ✓ Correct
C. has formed elements
D. is the most commonly used body fluid by most of the higher organisms
Solution: Blood is a special connective tissue consisting of a fluid matrix (plasma) and formed elements, and is the most commonly used body fluid by most higher organisms for transport.
Q19 — Blood & Plasma · easy
Plasma is a straw coloured, viscous fluid constituting nearly ______ % of blood.
A. 55 ✓ Correct
B. 45
C. 90
D. 10
Solution: Plasma constitutes nearly 55 per cent of the blood.
Q20 — Blood & Plasma · easy
The amount of water present in blood plasma is
A. 10%
B. 99%
C. 90-92% ✓ Correct
D. 55%
Solution: Water makes up 90-92 per cent of plasma.
Q21 — Blood & Plasma · medium
Consider the following statements:
I. Proteins contribute 6 – 8% of the blood plasma.
II. Plasma contains very high amount of minerals.
III. Plasma without the clotting factors is called serum.
IV. Glucose, amino acids, lipids, etc., are also present in the plasma as they are always in transit in the body.
A. All are false
B. Only II is false ✓ Correct
C. All are correct
D. Only I, III, IV is correct
Solution: Proteins are 6-8% of plasma, serum is plasma minus clotting factors, and glucose/amino acids/lipids are in transit; only statement II is false since minerals are present in small amounts, not very high.
Q22 — Blood & Plasma · medium
Match List I (Plasma protein) with List II (Functions) and select the correct option.
List I: I. Fibrinogen, II. Globulins, III. Albumins
List II: A. Defense mechanism, B. Osmotic balance, C. Coagulation of blood
A. I-C, II-A, III-B ✓ Correct
B. I-B, II-A, III-C
C. I-A, II-C, III-B
D. I-C, II-B, III-A
Solution: Fibrinogens are needed for coagulation of blood, globulins are involved in defense mechanisms, and albumins help maintain osmotic balance.
Q23 — Blood & Plasma · medium
What is the correct order of these events of blood coagulation?
1. Conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin
2. Clot retraction and leakage of serum
3. Thromboplastin formation
4. Conversion of prothrombin to thrombin
A. 3, 2, 1, 4
B. 3, 4, 1, 2 ✓ Correct
C. 4, 1, 3, 2
D. 3, 4, 2, 1
Solution: Coagulation proceeds as thromboplastin formation, prothrombin to thrombin, fibrinogen to fibrin, then clot retraction (3, 4, 1, 2).
Q24 — Blood & Plasma · medium
Which of the following statements are correct?
I. Ca2+ is necessary for blood coagulation
II. Coagulation in blood vessel is prevented during normal condition by heparin
III. Clotting of blood involves changes of fibrinogen to fibrin by thrombin
IV. Blood clotting involves a cascading process involving a number of factors present in the active form always
A. I, II, III ✓ Correct
B. II, IV
C. III, IV
D. I, III, IV
Solution: I, II and III are correct; IV is wrong because clotting factors normally circulate in inactive form and are activated in a cascade.
Q25 — Blood & Plasma · medium
Which of the following statements is wrong about lymph?
I. Lymph is colourful as it has haemoglobin but no RBC
II. The fluid present in lymphatic system is called lymph
III. It contains specialized lymphocytes which are responsible for immunity of the body
IV. Lymph is an important carrier for nutrients and hormones
V. Fats are absorbed through lymph in the lacteals present in the intestinal villi
A. Only IV
B. III and IV
C. Only I ✓ Correct
D. II and III
Solution: Statement I is wrong: lymph is a colourless fluid lacking haemoglobin and RBCs.
Q26 — Blood & Plasma · hard
Which of the following statements is correct?
I. Lymphatic system collects tissue fluid/interstitial fluid and drains it back to the major veins
II. Interstitial fluid and lymph have almost similar composition
III. Lymph and interstitial fluid have no larger proteins and RBC
IV. Exchange of nutrients and gases between the blood and cells always occurs through tissue fluid
V. Interstitial fluid has the same mineral distribution as that in plasma
VI. Lymph can be defined as blood minus RBC but has specialized lymphocytes
A. All ✓ Correct
B. V and VI
C. Only III and IV
D. I, III, V
Solution: All six statements correctly describe the composition and function of lymph and interstitial fluid.
Q27 — Blood & Plasma · medium
The haemoglobin content per 100 ml of blood of a normal healthy human adult is
A. 17-20 mg
B. 12-16 mg ✓ Correct
C. 25-30 mg
D. 5-11 mg
Solution: A healthy adult human has about 12-16 g of haemoglobin per 100 ml of blood.
Q28 — Blood & Plasma · medium
Which one of the following plasma proteins is involved in the coagulation of blood?
A. An albumin
B. Serum amylase
C. Fibrinogen ✓ Correct
D. A globulin
Solution: Fibrinogen is the plasma protein converted to fibrin during blood coagulation.
Q29 — Blood & Plasma · medium
Which one of the following is correct?
A. Lymph = Plasma + RBC + WBC
B. Serum = Blood + Fibrinogen
C. Plasma = Blood - Lymphocytes
D. Blood = Plasma + RBC + WBC + Platelets ✓ Correct
Solution: Blood is composed of plasma plus the formed elements: RBCs, WBCs and platelets.
Q30 — Blood & Plasma · medium
Serum differs from blood in
A. Lacking clotting factors ✓ Correct
B. Lacking globulins
C. Lacking albumins
D. Lacking antibodies
Solution: Serum is plasma from which clotting factors, especially fibrinogen, have been removed after clotting.